- In a groundbreaking study conducted by the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Lucknow, in collaboration with the Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani and the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, alarming trends have been uncovered in India’s employment sector. The findings shed light on a period of stagnating job growth, indicating a pressing issue of ‘jobless growth’ that spans from 2004–05 to 2018–19, with only minimal improvement thereafter.
The study highlights a significant disparity in unemployment rates among different education levels, with a striking 14.73% unemployment rate for graduates aged 15-29 in 2020–21, compared to a mere 0.57% for illiterates. Additionally, a gender-based disparity in the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) was identified, showing a more pronounced decline for females than for males from 1983 to 2020–21.
The research underscores the urgent need for policy reforms, emphasizing the potential of programs like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) and other public works to alleviate employment challenges. Furthermore, the study reveals the Government of India’s efforts in mediating employment opportunities for semi-skilled and unskilled labor in countries like Taiwan and Israel, reflecting the challenges in generating jobs within basic manufacturing industries at home.
These findings call for immediate attention and action from policymakers to address the multifaceted employment crisis and gender disparities in the job market. As India grapples with these challenges, the study’s insights pave the way for informed decisions and strategic interventions aimed at fostering job growth and ensuring equitable employment opportunities for all citizens.
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