Discuss how AI is revolutionizing various engineering fields, from manufacturing automation to self-driving cars.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most transformative technologies of the 21st century, influencing various sectors from healthcare to finance, and even everyday consumer products.
One decade before, simulation of human learning and human ability in terms of comprehension problem solving, creativity, decision making seemed to be fascinating and enthralling, especially when it comes to democratisation of it at ground level. As the world has becoming a global village, co-operative yet competitive research in tandem with motive of exploring and exploiting the benefits of Information and Computer Technology (ICT) has motivated the industries and scientist across the globe for exponential growth in the field of Artificial Intelligence.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is technology that enables computers and machines to simulate human learning, comprehension, problem solving, decision making, creativity and autonomy.1 This ability of computers and machines has been increasingly utilised among all sectors through automation and robotics.
AI driven automation robotics contributes significant role in enhancing productivity, efficiency and competitiveness. Advancements in artificial intelligence, robotics and Internet of Things (IoT), are transforming the industrial and production sectors by optimizing manufacturing processes, reduce downtime, and improve quality control.
AI driven tools can be extensively used in pre-manufacturing process (for product design, raw material and inventory management), during manufacturing process (for Material waste reduction, Predictive maintenance, Demand forecasting) and post manufacturing process (for Quality control).
While engulfing the entire manufacturing process, simultaneous use of AI, Robotics and IoT is allowing the manufacturers to not only gather all data but use it – to analyse, predict, understand, and report through seamless integration of a number of systems, tools, and innovations. This has build a strong foundation of Industry 4.0 that allows for smart manufacturing and the creation of intelligent factories.2 Therefore, AI coupled with Machine Learning (ML) has unlocked the potential of endless possibility in automation and robotics with seamless integration, massive generation and transmission of data in manufacturing settings.
When it comes to automobiles, AI has taken multiple leaps from Advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) to driver less car or self-driving car or Autonomous Vehicles (AV). With the help of AI and robotics, ADAS was developed to increase car and road safety by enhancing driver capabilities through automated use of sensors and cameras. If a sensor malfunctions, ADAS capability stops working, and the human driver has to take over. Latest developments in AI and robotics have empowered the technology for creating driverless car/AVs that are built with redundancies in place so they can continue to operate if the sensor is damaged.
AI driven driverless car uses multiple technology at a time like collection of sensors, including radar, lidar (light detection and ranging), cameras etc. Vast amounts of data from image recognition system, along with machine learning and neural network are used to build systems that can drive autonomously. Such vehicles navigate within pre-defined boundaries called geofencing. Companies like Audi, BMW, Ford, Google, General Motors, Tesla, Volkswagen and Volvo are developing and testing autonomous cars. Reports suggest that for automakers focused on delivering vehicles with higher levels of automation, there is enormous potential for growth. Consumers interested in the convenience of hands-free driving might want cars with more advanced autonomous functions. Consumers benefit from using autonomous driving systems in many ways, including greater levels of safety; ease of operation for parking, merging, and other maneuvers; additional fuel savings because of the autonomous system’s ability to maintain optimal speeds; and more quality time.3
However, responsible use of AI and robotics remains one of topmost concern across the globe. Despite claiming high end safety and comfort, the possibility of accidents at large scale causing loss of man and material can not be ignored. Government policies around the world are still unclear pertaining to usage of AI and robotics. The world is still in learning phase when it comes to AI and robotics. In the midst of rat race to claim the supremacy and self-gratification, the big players and industries are working on AI and robotics at unprecedented level. The impact of AI and robotics has been unforeseen and seems endless which needs to be recognized comprehensively.
Putting rest to apprehension about the future of AI and robotics, let there should be no doubt that the future belongs to Artificial Intelligence and robotics but sustainable and responsible use of AI and robotics requires prominent attention of policy makers and developers all around the globe for the ultimate benefit of humanity.
Reference:
https://www.ibm.com/topics/artificial-intelligence
https://www.sap.com/india/products/scm/industry-4-0/what-is-industry-4-0.html#:~:text=Industry%204.0%20definition&text=It%20encompasses%20a%20set%20of,the%20creation%20of%20intelligent%20factories. of and has become With sheer diligence, research
https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/autonomous-drivings-future-convenient-and-connected
Author- Riddhima Aggarwal
